Pulmonary hypertension guide to cold and flu season

As cold and flu season rolls around, some people living with pulmonary hypertension (PH), a condition that causes high blood pressure in the arteries leading from the heart to the lungs, find themselves feeling a little more cautious.

Colds and respiratory infections can place added strain on the heart and lungs by increasing inflammation in the lungs and disrupting oxygen exchange. Because of this, even minor infections may temporarily worsen PH symptoms.

While you can’t avoid every germ, there are ways to move through the season feeling more prepared and supported.

How colds and the flu affect PH symptoms

When you have PH, your heart and lungs are already working harder. So, when a cold or the flu brings on coughing, congestion, or fever, that added stress can intensify everyday PH symptoms or even cause certain symptoms to flare.

Because of this, people with PH need to pay extra attention to any illness that affects the lungs and closely monitor symptoms until they recover.

Taking steps to protect yourself

Even with PH, there are practical ways to reduce your risk of catching a cold or the flu. Engaging in simple daily habits, staying up to date on vaccines, and creating a safer home environment can all make a meaningful difference.

Practice everyday prevention habits

Small habits can make a difference in reducing your exposure to germs. Washing your hands frequently, wearing a mask in crowded indoor spaces, and avoiding touching your face are simple but effective strategies.

Some people also keep hand sanitizer in their car or bag and routinely clean high-touch surfaces to help reduce the spread of viruses and bacteria.

Stay current on recommended vaccines

For many people with PH, flu prevention starts with vaccines. Your care team can help you understand which vaccines — such as the annual flu shot, COVID-19 boosters, or the RSV vaccine — make sense for you. These conversations can offer a sense of control and reassurance as the season begins.

Create a safer environment at home

Keeping your home clean and well-ventilated can help reduce the spread of germs. Using an air purifier with a HEPA filter (a high-efficiency filter that traps tiny airborne particles) can improve indoor air quality.

It’s also OK to adjust social plans, meet outdoors, or ask loved ones to skip a visit if they’re feeling sick. Setting boundaries around your health is an act of self-care.

Managing PH during a cold or the flu

Even with careful prevention, it’s still possible to catch a cold or the flu. Knowing how to respond early and monitor your symptoms can help you stay on top of your health and prevent complications.

Reach out early

It’s always better to contact your PH care team sooner rather than later. Even mild symptoms, such as a new cough, fever, or congestion, are worth mentioning. Your team can guide next steps, help monitor warning signs, and advise whether additional treatments might be needed.

You may feel tempted to take decongestants or pain relievers to help with your respiratory infection, but these medications can worsen PH symptoms in some patients. Always check with your PH doctor before taking any medications.

Keep an eye on how you feel

Pay attention to changes in your breathing, swelling, oxygen levels, or energy. You know your body best. Some people use a pulse oximeter (a small fingertip device that measures blood oxygen levels) at home to track oxygen saturation, especially during respiratory infections.

You can also consider writing down your symptoms to spot patterns and share the most accurate updates with your healthcare providers.

Continue PH medications unless told otherwise

Most people should stay on their PH treatments while sick. If nausea or fatigue make it hard to take medications, contact your care team promptly so they can help adjust your regimen safely.

Know your emergency signs

Seek medical care right away if you notice worsening shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting, high fever, or low oxygen levels. Having a plan in place — such as knowing your nearest urgent care or emergency department — can make these situations feel less overwhelming.

Supporting yourself as you recover

Taking small steps at home can help you feel more supported while managing symptoms.

• Rest regularly: Listening to your body and taking breaks is an important part of recovery.
• Stay hydrated: Drinking water throughout the day supports your body.
• Pace activities: Break tasks into smaller steps to avoid overexertion.
• Use a humidifier: Adding moisture to the air may help ease congestion.
• Elevate your head at night: Sleeping slightly upright can reduce discomfort.

Additionally, recovery isn’t just physical. Staying emotionally connected, even virtually, with people who support you can help you feel more grounded and secure. Feeling anxious during cold and flu season is completely normal, and having open conversations with your loved ones and your care team can provide reassurance and guidance.

With preparation, communication, and support, and by caring for both your body and mind, you can navigate cold and flu season with confidence and resilience.